Alkylation of Benzene with Ethanol over ZSM-5 Based La–P Catalysts

Sabit Eyyub Mamedov; Aynur Abulfat Iskenderova; Eyyub Sabit Mammadov; Nargiz Firudin Akhmedova; Fuad Shamsaddin Kerimli; Sevda Baba Ismayilova

doi:10.9767/bcrec.20517

DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.20517

Alkylation of Benzene with Ethanol over ZSM-5 Based La–P Catalysts

Sabit Eyyub Mamedov¹

, Aynur Abulfat Iskenderova¹, Eyyub Sabit Mammadov²

, Nargiz Firudin Akhmedova¹

, Fuad Shamsaddin Kerimli¹

, Sevda Baba Ismayilova¹

¹Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, Baku State University, Baku AZ 1148, Azerbaijan

²Faculty of Chemistry, Baku Branch of Moscow State University, Baku, AZ1144, Azerbaijan

Received: 23 Oct 2025; Revised: 25 Dec 2025; Accepted: 26 Dec 2025; Available online: 30 Dec 2025; Published: 30 Apr 2026.

Editor(s): Dmitry Yu. Murzin

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Abstract

Benzene ethylation in the presence of HZSM-5 zeolites is a promising method for producing ethylbenzene. This study examined the effects of modifying lanthanum and phosphorus as additives to the HZSM-5 catalyst, tested in the temperature range of 300-500 °C, at a benzene to ethanol molar ratio of 2:1 in a hydrogen stream. The influence of promoters on acidity and pore structure was investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), NH₃ Temperature Programmed Desorption (NH₃-TPD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET), and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH). Among 4%La samples, 4%P/HZSM-5 demonstrated higher ethylbenzene selectivity and operational stability associated with a decrease in the density of strong acid sites and an increase in zeolite mesoporosity because of modification. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Keywords: Alkylation; benzene; ethanol; lanthanum; phosphorus; ethylbenzene; selectivity

Funding: Ministry of Science and Education of the Azerbaijan Republic

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Section: Original Research Articles

Language : EN

In 2025: Just Accepted Manuscript and Article In Press 2025

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