DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10313.588-600

The Effect of Time on the Activation of Bayah Natural Zeolite for Application of Palm Oil Shell Pyrolysis

Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Jalan Jendral Sudirman KM.3 Cilegon, Banten, Indonesia

Received: 8 Feb 2021; Revised: 21 Apr 2021; Accepted: 21 Apr 2021; Available online: 24 Apr 2021; Published: 30 Sep 2021.
Editor(s): Is Fatimah, Istadi Istadi
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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Abstract

Oil palm shell (OPS) constitutes 60% of the waste generated during the processing of palm oil. However, OPS can potentially be converted into energy and chemicals through pyrolysis. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyse the effect of acid treatment time on the characteristics of natural zeolites, which were then applied to oil palm shell pyrolysis. The effect of the acid treatment time on the products of the pyrolysis was also studied. The acid treatment time was varied: 1, 3, and 5 hours. The crystallinity of the natural zeolites was determined by       X-ray diffraction (XRD). Solid, liquid and gaseous pyrolysis products were observed. Proximate, ultimate, and heat analysis were performed on the solid product. The liquid product was characterised using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Gas Chromatography (GC) was performed to analyse the composition of the gases produced. The results obtained from this study indicate that longer reflux times reduced the crystallinity of the zeolites. The addition of the zeolite catalysts increased the liquid products of pyrolysis from 24.5 wt% over the parent to 24.6–37.1 wt% over the acid-treated natural zeolites. The reduction of oxygenated compounds in bio-oil was observed in the amount of acetic acid and acetone produced. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA   License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

 

Keywords: oil palm shell; bio-oil; pyrolysis; catalyst; zeolite; Bayah Natural Zeolite
Funding: Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University

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Section: The 3rd International Conference on Chemistry, Chemical Process and Engineering 2020) (IC3PE 2020)
Language : EN
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