Copolymerization of Carbon–carbon Double-bond Monomer (Styrene) with Cyclic Monomer (Tetrahydrofuran)

Fouad Sari; M. I. Ferrahi; M. Belbachir

doi:10.9767/bcrec.7.2.4074.165-171

DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.7.2.4074.165-171

Copolymerization of Carbon–carbon Double-bond Monomer (Styrene) with Cyclic Monomer (Tetrahydrofuran)

Fouad Sari , M. I. Ferrahi, M. Belbachir

Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Oran Es-Sénia BP N° 1524 El M’Naouar, 31000 Oran, Algeria

Received: 29 Oct 2012; Revised: 29 Oct 2012; Accepted: 29 Nov 2012; Published: 30 Dec 2012.

Editor(s): Istadi Istadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Fulltext View|Download

Citation Format:

Abstract

We reported in this work that the cationic copolymerization in one step takes place between carbon–carbon double-bond monomer styrene with cyclic monomer tetrahydrofuran. The comonomers studied belong to different families: vinylic and cyclic ether. The reaction is initiated with maghnite-H+ an acid exchanged montmorillonite as acid solid ecocatalyst. Maghnite-H+ is already used as catalyst for polymerization of many vinylic and heterocyclic monomers. The oxonium ion of tetrahydrofuran and carbonium ion of styrene propagated the reaction of copolymerization. The acetic anhydride is essential for the maintenance of the ring opening of tetrahydrofuran and the entry in copolymerization. The temperature was kept constant at 40°C in oil bath heating for 6 hours. A typical reaction product was analyzed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and IR and the formation of the copolymer was confirmed. The reaction was proved by matched with analysis. The maghnite-H+ allowed us to obtain extremely pure copolymer in good yield by following a simples operational conditions. © 2012 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Keywords: Hybrid copolymerization; Molecular engineering; Poly(St-co-THF); Styrene copolymer; Maghnite

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Original Research Articles

Language : EN

In 2012: BCREC Volume 7 Issue 2 Year 2012 (December 2012)

Recent articles

Solid Catalysts and theirs Application in Biodiesel Production Carbon Dioxide Adsorption by Calcium Zirconate at Higher Temperature Copolymerization of Carbon–carbon Double-bond Monomer (Styrene) with Cyclic Monomer (Tetrahydrofuran) Process Parameters Optimization of Potential SO42-/ZnO Acid Catalyst for Heterogeneous Transesterification of Vegetable Oil to Biodiesel Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Indexing, and Table of Contents) Backmatter (Author Guideline, Publication Ethics, Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing Form) More recent articles

Odian, G. eds. (2004). Principles of polymerization. Willey Interscience.: John Wiley & Sons
Tsukamoto, A.; Vogln, O. (1971). Cationic polymerization. Progress in Polymer Science. 3: 199–279. doi: 10.1016/0079-6700(71)90005-0
Wabnitz, T.; Hatscher, S.; Kashammer, S.; Pinkos, R. (2009). Method for the production of polytetrahydrofurane or tetrahydrofurane copolymers. Patent Application Publication. US 72009/0215971 A1
Hazer, B. (1991). Synthesis of styrene tetrahydrofuran branched block copolymers. European Polymer Journal. 27: 975–978. doi: 10.1016/0014-3057(91)90043-N
Hazer, B. (1990). Cationic polymerization of tétrahydrofurane initiated by difunctional initiators. Synthesis of block copolymers. European Polymer Journal. 26: 1167–1170. doi: 10.1016/0014-3057(90)90021-U
Yan-Ming, G.; Ting, W.; Yin-Fang, Z.; Cai-Yuan, P. (2001). Atom transfer radical copolymerization of styrene and poly(THF) macromer. Polymer. 42: 6385–6391. doi: 10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00110-0
Cianga, I.; Hepuzer, Y.; Yagci, Y. (2002). Poly(p-phenylene) graft copolymers with polytetrahydrofuran/polystyrene side chains. Polymer. 43: 2141–2149. doi: 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00002-2
Shimomura, O.; Lee, B. S.; Meth, S.; Suzuki, H.; Mahajan, S.; Nomura, R.; Janda, K. D. (2005). Synthesis and application of polytetrahydrofuran grafted polystyrene (PS–PTHF) resin supports for organic synthesis. Tetrahedron. 61: 12160–12167. doi: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.121
Ouis, N.; Benharrats, N.; Belbachir, M. (2004). Tamazert kaolin as catalyst in synthesis of polytetrahydrofuran. Comptes Rendus Chimie. 7: 955–962. doi: 10.1016/j.crci.2004.06.003
Breslow, R.; Denonne, F. eds. (2001). La chimie aujourd'hui et demain. De Boeck & Larcier.: De Boeck Duculot
Belbachir, M.; Bensaoula, A. (2006). Composition and method for catalysis using bentonites. United States Patent. 6,274,527 B1
Verebélyi, K.; Iván, B. (2012). Cationic polymerization of styrene by the TiCl4/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) catalyst system in benzotrifluoride, an environmentally benign solvent, at room temperature. Polymer. 53: 3426–3431. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.05.055
Gottlieb, H. E.; Kotlyar, V.; Nudelman, A. (1997). NMR Chemical shifts of common laboratory solvents as trace impurities. Journal of Organic Chemistry. 62: 7512–7515. doi: 10.1021/jo971176v
Brandolini, A. J.; Hills, D. D. eds. (2000). NMR spectra of polymers and polymer additives. Mobil Chemical Company.: Marcel Dekker
Hizal, G.; Tasdemir, H.; Yagci, Y. (1990). Block copolymers by combination of cationic and radical routes: 5. Polymerization of styrene initiated by 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanopentanoyl chloride). Polymer. 31: 1803–1806. doi: 10.1016/0032-3861(90)90206-E

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Journal Author(s) Rights

In order for Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) and BCREC Publishing Group to publish and disseminate research articles, we need non-exclusive publishing rights (transfered from author(s) to publisher). This is determined by a publishing agreement between the Author(s) and Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) and BCREC Publishing Group. This agreement deals with the transfer or license of the right for publishing to Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) and BCREC Publishing Group, while Authors still retain significant all copy rights to use and share their own published articles. Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) and BCREC Publishing Group supports the need for authors to share, disseminate and maximize the impact of their research and these rights, in any databases.

As a journal Author, you have all copy rights for a large range of uses of your article, including use by your employing institute or company. These Author copy rights can be exercised without the need to obtain specific permission. Authors who publishing in BCREC journals have wide copy rights to use their works for teaching and scholarly purposes without needing to seek permission, including, but not limited to:

use for classroom teaching by Author or Author's institution and presentation at a meeting or conference and distributing copies to attendees;
use for internal training by author's company;
distribution to colleagues for their reseearch use;
use in a subsequent compilation of the author's works;
inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
reuse of portions or extracts from the article in other works (with full acknowledgement of final article);
preparation of derivative works (other than commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgement of final article);
voluntary posting on open web sites operated by author or author’s institution for scholarly purposes,

(but it should follow the open access license of Creative Common CC-by-SA License).

Authors/Readers/Third Parties can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, but they must give appropriate credit (the name of the creator and attribution parties (authors detail information), a copyright notice, an open access license notice, a disclaimer notice, and a link to the material), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made (Publisher indicates the modification of the material (if any) and retain an indication of previous modifications using a CrossMark Policy and information about Erratum-Corrigendum notification).

Authors/Readers/Third Parties can read, print and download, redistribute or republish the article (e.g. display in a repository), translate the article, download for text and data mining purposes, reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works, sell or re-use for commercial purposes, remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).

Right Transfer Agreement for Publishing (RTAP)

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, non-exclusive right for publishing (publishing right) of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Publisher of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis journal (Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS) and BCREC Publishing Group).

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Right Transfer Agreement for Publishing (RTAP)'. An e-mail will be sent to the Corresponding Author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Right Transfer Agreement for Publishing' form by online version of this agreement.

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis journal and Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia-Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS), the Editors and the Advisory International Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.

Remember, even though we ask for a transfer of right for publishing (RTAP), our journal Author(s) still retain (or are granted back) significant scholarly copy rights as mentioned before.

The Right Transfer Agreement for Publishing (RTAP) Form can be downloaded here: [Right Transfer Agreement for Publishing (RTAP) Form BCREC 2025]

The copyright form should be signed electronically and send to the Editorial Office in the form of original e-mail below:

Prof. Dr. I. Istadi (Editor-in-Chief)
Editorial Office of Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Laboratory of Plasma-Catalysis (R3.5), UPT Laboratorium Terpadu, Universitas Diponegoro
Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275
Telp/Whatsapp: +62-81-316426342
E-mail: bcrec[at]live.undip.ac.id ; bcrec[at]che.undip.ac.id

(This policy statements has been updated at 24th January 2024)