DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.9.3.6686.168-175

Electrochemical Processes for the Formation of Hydroxyapatite Powders

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia

2Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and System Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Nakacho 2-24-16, Tokyo, Japan

Received: 4 Apr 2014; Revised: 25 May 2014; Accepted: 27 Jun 2014; Available online: 28 Oct 2014; Published: 30 Dec 2014.
Editor(s): Istadi Istadi
Open Access Copyright (c) 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of hydroxyapatite particles was performed from a homogeneous solution of Na2H2EDTA.2H2O, KH2PO4 and CaCl2 without stirring to investigate the mechanism of hydroxyapa-tite formation. We found that OH- ions generated by water reduction at the cathode play an important role in the formation of hydroxyapatite particles. The OH- ions induce the liberation of Ca2+ ions and the dissociation of phosphoric acid, which serve as the reactants for the formation of hydroxyapatite particles. Two layers with a clear boundary were formed during electrolysis. The upper layer comprises the produced particles and the lower layer is a homogeneous solution. The produced particles were held in the region between the electrodes mainly due to the electrostatic interactions of charged particles in an electric field. The hydroxyapatite particles are agglomerates consisting of spherical particles. Aging the suspension for 24 h after electrolysis leads to the transformation of hydroxyapatite to brushite. Thus, if producing hydroxyapatite is desired, the particles should be continuously removed from the system. This method appears to be promising as a continuous process to produce hydroxyapatite parti-cles using an electrochemical method. © 2014 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)
Keywords: hydroxyapatite powders; electrosynthesis; continuous process; electrostatic interaction
Funding: Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE), the Ministry of Education and Culture, Indonesia

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Section: Original Research Articles
Language : EN
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