DOI: https://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10757.491-506

Catalytic Oxidation of Ponceau 4R in Aqueous Solution using Iron-impregnated Al-pillared Bentonite: Optimization of the Process

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Campus La Nubia, km 7 Vía al Aeropuerto, AA 127 Manizales, Colombia

2Department of Physics and Chemical, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales, Campus La Nubia, km 7 Vía al Aeropuerto, AA 127 Manizales, Colombia

Received: 6 Apr 2021; Revised: 8 Jun 2021; Accepted: 9 Jun 2021; Available online: 11 Jun 2021; Published: 30 Sep 2021.
Editor(s): Dmitry Yu. Murzin
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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Abstract

The application of the Fenton-like process for the oxidation of an aqueous solution of Ponceau 4R dye, using an aluminum pillared clay impregnated with iron (Fe(wt%)/Al-PILC) as catalyst, was investigated. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM), based on a Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to evaluate and optimize the oxidation process of a Ponceau 4R solution. Three independent variables were studied in the experimental design: the amount of H2O2 expressed in multiples of times of stoichiometry dose, iron concentration incorporated by impregnation onto aluminum pillared clay (Fe(wt%)), and amount of catalyst (Fe(wt%)/Al-PILC). The response variables were decolorization and total organic carbon (TOC) removal. The significance of independent variables and their interactions were tested by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a 95% confidence level. With low stoichiometric dose of H2O2 (0.96 and 1.54 times), medium amount of catalyst (374.4 and 391.3 mg) and high Fe concentration impregnated in pillared clay (9.3 and 7.7 wt%), the total decolorization and high TOC removal were achieved. Under multi-objective optimization conditions (3.0 times the stoichiometric dose of H2O2, 420 mg Fe(wt%)/Al-PILC and 5.5 wt% Fe impregnated in Al-PILC), it was possible to achieve 86.18% decolorization and 66.81% TOC removal after 5 h of reaction at 25 °C, with the additional advantage of showing an iron leaching of less than 0.10 mg/L. The established models' soundness is confirmed by a good fit between predictive models and experimental results. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

 

Keywords: Fenton like; Pillared Clay; Ponceau 4R; Decolorization; Experimental Design
Funding: Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Manizales under contract DIMA-UNAL projects (Code 38621 and 46078)

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